You're in control which job posts are visible on your career page. When you choose to publish a job, it’s accessible to applicants and visible on your career page. When you switch a job to private, it won’t show up on your career page. If you want to share a private job, you can still do this by sharing a unique, private link.
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You can find the private link by going to the job post and then clicking Share in the top right corner.

Next, click Copy link, as shown below:

Private job posts are most often used by companies who only want to share the job post within their own organisation. Most companies publish their job posts open to the public. When they have received enough applicants, they switch the job to private and start reviewing and communicating with applicants. When they've hired someone, they finally close the job post.